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= = = **Photography** ---Wendy He    =

= = __Photography__

The art,science, or practice of taking and processing photographs.

__Etmology__
 * Sir John Herschel made the word "photography"on March 14, 1839
 * An article published on February 25 of the same year in a German newspaper called the // Vossische Zeitung //, Johann von Maedler, a Berlin astronomer, had used the word photography already.
 * The word photography derives from the Greek φωτός ( // phōtos // ), genitive of φῶς ( // phōs // ), "light" and γραφή ( // graphé // ) "representation by means of lines" or "drawing", together meaning "drawing with light".

__Uses__
 * Scientists have used photography to record and study movements.
 * Artists are equally interested by these aspects but also try to explore avenues other than the photo-mechanical representation of reality, such as the pictorialist movement.
 * Military, police, and security forces use photography for surveillance, recognition and data storage.
 * Amateurs use photography to preserve memories of favorite times, to capture special moments, to tell stories, to send messages, and as a source of entertainment.

__Industries__
 * Advertising
 * Consumer Products
 * Education
 * Electronics
 * Entertainment & Leisure
 * Health Care
 * Internet Publishing
 * Motion Picture & Video
 * Newspaper Publishers
 * Retail & Wholesale
 * Television
 * Technology

__Types of Photography__
 * Aerial
 * Architecture, Real Estate
 * Artistic
 * Black and White
 * Camera Phone
 * [|Commercial]
 * Modeling
 * [|Satellite]
 * Scientific

= Ski lls  =


 * Sense of Composition
 * Sense of Color
 * Appreciation of Technology
 * Love of Trial and Error
 * Ability to Look Beyond the Obvious
 * Patience
 * Training or Degree

= Amazing Photographs  =

This photo is interesting to look at because it looks as if the road has split the trees in half, and the angle of the photograph made it looks more outstanding.This photograph was captured at a low angle below by using a long shot with fine proportions. The camera focused intensively on the rocky road, but also foucused on the trees. This photograph included all of the elements of design. The line of the road, the texture of rocks, different colours, shapes, and sizes of all the objects.



What I like about this photo is it creates a dreamy image of two teenage girls, who were enjoying their time together. This photograph was captured at a high angle from above and side by using a medium shot with all round and even lighting. The camera focused intensively on two teenage girl blowing bubbles. This photograph included many elements of designs. For example, line, colour, texture, shape, size, and value.



I found this photo to be really attractive because of the colour, lighting, and the person. This photo not only made the teenage girl look really beautiful, but also captured the moment when she was looking at something. This photograph was captured at a close up shot with all round and even lighting. The camera focused on a teenage girl. The photo included most of the elements of designs, such as line, colour, texture, shape, size, and value of all the different objects.



This photo is interesting to look at because of the angle, and the way the photographer used to capture the buildings. In my opinion the snow added a dramatic effect to this photo, it made the picture looks more outstanding. This photograph was captured at a front angle by using a panoramic shot. It focused on the buildings that are separated by a road and the snow which indicates the weather, winter. It encludes all of the elements of design, such as line, coulour, texture,shape, size, proportion, and value. The rule of thirds was also applied to this photograph.



This photo is really interesting to look at because it enlarges two specific flowers instead of taking an overall shot of all the flowers. The colour, white, green, and yellow made this photo looks more outstanding.This photograph was captured at a front angle by using close up shot and was focused on the white flowers. It also included many elements of design, such as the colour of the flower, the leafs, and the ground. The texture of the pedals. Different shapes and sizes of the objects.


 * Use the rule of thirds
 * Use coloured filters in black and white photography
 * Use sunlight effectively for certain photography
 * Take a photo-free photo in a crowded place if you want a good landscape
 * Creating a photo book
 * Making sharper or attractive images
 * Capture photo at different angles


 * Proportion**: relative size and scale of the objects within the work of art.




 * Scale:** Overall size of a picture(e.g. large, small, close, far)




 * Balance**: Equalizing the visual weight of elements.




 * Unity** (Variety): Repetition of visual elements such as shapes or colors create a pattern in an art work, and a sense of unity that pulls picture together.




 * Direction:** The visual path our eye will follow.




 * Emphasis:** Emphasis refers to the object or element which first catches our attention.




 * The way a shot is composed
 * The angle between the camera and the subject

__Eye-Level__




 * the most common view
 * a fairly neutral shot
 * it shows subjects as we would expect to see them in real life

__High Angle__
 * a high angle shows the subject from above
 * the camera is angled down towards the subject
 * this will make the subject appear less significant or powerful

__Low Angle__
 * this shows the subject from below
 * the camera is angled up towards the object

__Bird's Eye__


 * the scene is shown from directly above
 * used for dramatic effect or for showing a different spatial perspective
 * useful in sprots, documentaries, etc.


 * __Stanted__**
 * also known as a dutch tilt
 * the camera is tilted to one side so the horizon is on an angle
 * creates an interesting and dramatic effect


 * **WIDE SHOTS** (long shot/ wide-angle shot) show an entire area whether it is indoors or outdoors.
 * **MEDIUM SHOTS** (medium close-ups, waist shots) show a portion of the background, but the image size should be large enough to keep the focus of attention on the action taking place.
 * **CLOSE-UPS SHOTS** provides viewer with smaller detailed bits of action that is taking place in the scene.
 * **EXTREME CLOSE-UPS SHOTS** shows a specific area of a person or place
 * **LONG SHOT** is taken from a distance from the subject which permits a broad view of the scene
 * **EXTREME LONG SHOT** is taken from as much as a quarter of a mile away and is generally used as a scene setting, establishing shot.

===Types of Lighting ===


 * Side lighting
 * Back lighting
 * Soft or Diffuse light
 * Hard light
 * Spotlight
 * Top Heavy lighting
 * All round lighting
 * Front lighting
 * Outdoor lighting