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**PHOTOGRAPHY**

Photography is the art of taking or processing photographs.

The word photography derives from the Greek words // phōs // (genitive: // phōtós // ) light, and // gráphein //, to write.

Photography can be used in many different ways such as to record and study movements, explore avenues other than the photo-mechanical representation of reality, surveillance, recognition and data storage, and preserve memories.

Advertising industries may use photography to market products. Manufacturing industries may use photography to display their products. Fashion industries may use photography to display the latest trends. Building industries may use photography to create a blueprint of the building they are going to build.

Types of photography: Photojournalism, Documentary Photography, Action Photography, Glamour Photography, Art Photography, and more.

Skills Needed: Good craft skills, steady hand, creativeness, etc.

=__ Principles of Design __=


 * Balance** - Harmony of design and proportion




 * Gradation -** A minute change from one shade, tone, or color to another




 * Repetition -** Repetition is created when objects, shapes, space, light, direction, lines etc. are repeated in artwork.




 * Contrast -** Contrast is created by using opposites near or beside one another, such as a light object next to a dark object or a rough texture next to a smooth texture.




 * Harmony -**  A consistent, orderly, or pleasing arrangement of parts




 * Dominance -** Dominance is an object or color that stands out in relation to the rest of the painting.




 * Unity -** A feeling of completeness is created by the use of elements in the artwork.



__**Camera Angles**__

===Eye-Level - This is the most common view, being the real-world angle that we are all used to. It shows subjects as we would expect to see them in real life. It is a fairly neutral shot. ===

===High Angle - A high angle shows the subject from above, i.e. the camera is angled down towards the subject. This has the effect of diminishing the subject, making them appear less powerful, less significant or even submissive. ===

===Low Angle - This shows the subject from below, giving them the impression of being more powerful or dominant. ===

===Bird's Eye - The scene is shown from directly above. This is a completely different and somewhat unnatural point of view which can be used for dramatic effect or for showing a different spatial perspective. ===

===Slanted - T his is where the camera is purposely tilted to one side so the horizon is on an angle. This creates an interesting and dramatic effect. ===

__**Shot Lengths**__

**Long Shot** - This is the most difficult to categorise precisely, but is generally one which shows the image as approximately "life" size ie corresponding to the real distance between the audience and the screen in a cinema

**Medium Shot** - Contains a figure from the knees/waist up and is normally used for dialogue scenes, or to show some detail of action.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #0066cc; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;">**Close-Up** - This shows very little background, and concentrates on either a face, or a specific detail of mise en scène.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #0066cc; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;">**Extreme Close-Up** - As its name suggests, an extreme version of the close up, generally magnifying beyond what the human eye would experience in reality.

__**Types of Lighting**__